AustralieFrV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 001953

Plant functional traits have globally consistent effects on competition.

Identifieur interne : 001953 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001952; suivant : 001954

Plant functional traits have globally consistent effects on competition.

Auteurs : Georges Kunstler [France] ; Daniel Falster [Australie] ; David A. Coomes [Royaume-Uni] ; Francis Hui [Australie] ; Robert M. Kooyman [Australie] ; Daniel C. Laughlin [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Lourens Poorter [Pays-Bas] ; Mark Vanderwel [Canada] ; Ghislain Vieilledent [France] ; S Joseph Wright ; Masahiro Aiba [Japon] ; Christopher Baraloto [France] ; John Caspersen [Canada] ; J Hans C. Cornelissen [Pays-Bas] ; Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury [France] ; Marc Hanewinkel [Suisse] ; Bruno Herault [France] ; Jens Kattge [Allemagne] ; Hiroko Kurokawa [Japon] ; Yusuke Onoda [Japon] ; Josep Pe Uelas [Espagne] ; Hendrik Poorter [Allemagne] ; Maria Uriarte [États-Unis] ; Sarah Richardson [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Paloma Ruiz-Benito [Royaume-Uni] ; I-Fang Sun [Taïwan] ; Göran St Hl [Suède] ; Nathan G. Swenson [États-Unis] ; Jill Thompson [Royaume-Uni] ; Bertil Westerlund [Suède] ; Christian Wirth [Allemagne] ; Miguel A. Zavala [Espagne] ; Hongcheng Zeng [Canada] ; Jess K. Zimmerman [États-Unis] ; Niklaus E. Zimmermann [Suisse] ; Mark Westoby [Australie]

Source :

Nature [ 1476-4687 ] ; 2016.

RBID : pubmed:26700807

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Arbres (anatomie et histologie), Arbres (croissance et développement), Arbres (physiologie), Bois (analyse), Feuilles de plante (physiologie), Forêts, Internationalité, Modèles biologiques, Phénotype.
MESH :
- analyse : Bois.
- anatomie et histologie : Arbres.
- croissance et développement : Arbres.
- physiologie : Arbres, Feuilles de plante.
- Forêts, Internationalité, Modèles biologiques, Phénotype.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Forests, Internationality, Models, Biological, Phenotype, Plant Leaves (physiology), Trees (anatomy & histology), Trees (growth & development), Trees (physiology), Wood (analysis).
MESH :
- analysis : Wood.
- anatomy & histology : Trees.
- growth & development : Trees.
- physiology : Plant Leaves, Trees.
- Forests, Internationality, Models, Biological, Phenotype.

Abstract

Phenotypic traits and their associated trade-offs have been shown to have globally consistent effects on individual plant physiological functions, but how these effects scale up to influence competition, a key driver of community assembly in terrestrial vegetation, has remained unclear. Here we use growth data from more than 3 million trees in over 140,000 plots across the world to show how three key functional traits--wood density, specific leaf area and maximum height--consistently influence competitive interactions. Fast maximum growth of a species was correlated negatively with its wood density in all biomes, and positively with its specific leaf area in most biomes. Low wood density was also correlated with a low ability to tolerate competition and a low competitive effect on neighbours, while high specific leaf area was correlated with a low competitive effect. Thus, traits generate trade-offs between performance with competition versus performance without competition, a fundamental ingredient in the classical hypothesis that the coexistence of plant species is enabled via differentiation in their successional strategies. Competition within species was stronger than between species, but an increase in trait dissimilarity between species had little influence in weakening competition. No benefit of dissimilarity was detected for specific leaf area or wood density, and only a weak benefit for maximum height. Our trait-based approach to modelling competition makes generalization possible across the forest ecosystems of the world and their highly diverse species composition.

DOI: 10.1038/nature16476
PubMed: 26700807

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Sun, I Fang" sort="Sun, I Fang" uniqKey="Sun I" first="I-Fang" last="Sun">I-Fang Sun</name>
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<author><name sortKey="St Hl, Goran" sort="St Hl, Goran" uniqKey="St Hl G" first="Göran" last="St Hl">Göran St Hl</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Zimmermann, Niklaus E" sort="Zimmermann, Niklaus E" uniqKey="Zimmermann N" first="Niklaus E" last="Zimmermann">Niklaus E. Zimmermann</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Falster, Daniel" sort="Falster, Daniel" uniqKey="Falster D" first="Daniel" last="Falster">Daniel Falster</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Coomes, David A" sort="Coomes, David A" uniqKey="Coomes D" first="David A" last="Coomes">David A. Coomes</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
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</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Hui, Francis" sort="Hui, Francis" uniqKey="Hui F" first="Francis" last="Hui">Francis Hui</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Mathematical Sciences Institute, The Australian National University, Canberra 0200</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Kooyman, Robert M" sort="Kooyman, Robert M" uniqKey="Kooyman R" first="Robert M" last="Kooyman">Robert M. Kooyman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Laughlin, Daniel C" sort="Laughlin, Daniel C" uniqKey="Laughlin D" first="Daniel C" last="Laughlin">Daniel C. Laughlin</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Poorter, Lourens" sort="Poorter, Lourens" uniqKey="Poorter L" first="Lourens" last="Poorter">Lourens Poorter</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen</wicri:regionArea>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vanderwel, Mark" sort="Vanderwel, Mark" uniqKey="Vanderwel M" first="Mark" last="Vanderwel">Mark Vanderwel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Pkwy, Regina SK S4S 0A2, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Pkwy, Regina SK S4S 0A2</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Regina</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Saskatchewan</settlement>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Vieilledent, Ghislain" sort="Vieilledent, Ghislain" uniqKey="Vieilledent G" first="Ghislain" last="Vieilledent">Ghislain Vieilledent</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cirad, UPR BSEF, F-34398 Montpellier</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Wright, S Joseph" sort="Wright, S Joseph" uniqKey="Wright S" first="S Joseph" last="Wright">S Joseph Wright</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama.</nlm:affiliation>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Aiba, Masahiro" sort="Aiba, Masahiro" uniqKey="Aiba M" first="Masahiro" last="Aiba">Masahiro Aiba</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578</wicri:regionArea>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Baraloto, Christopher" sort="Baraloto, Christopher" uniqKey="Baraloto C" first="Christopher" last="Baraloto">Christopher Baraloto</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, 97387 Kourou Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, 97387 Kourou Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Caspersen, John" sort="Caspersen, John" uniqKey="Caspersen J" first="John" last="Caspersen">John Caspersen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement>
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<author><name sortKey="Cornelissen, J Hans C" sort="Cornelissen, J Hans C" uniqKey="Cornelissen J" first="J Hans C" last="Cornelissen">J Hans C. Cornelissen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 HV</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Amsterdam 1081 HV</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gourlet Fleury, Sylvie" sort="Gourlet Fleury, Sylvie" uniqKey="Gourlet Fleury S" first="Sylvie" last="Gourlet-Fleury">Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cirad, UPR BSEF, F-34398 Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cirad, UPR BSEF, F-34398 Montpellier</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>34398 Montpellier</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>34398 Montpellier</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hanewinkel, Marc" sort="Hanewinkel, Marc" uniqKey="Hanewinkel M" first="Marc" last="Hanewinkel">Marc Hanewinkel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Forest Resources and Management Unit, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Forest Resources and Management Unit, CH-8903 Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Herault, Bruno" sort="Herault, Bruno" uniqKey="Herault B" first="Bruno" last="Herault">Bruno Herault</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cirad, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, BP 701, 97387 Kourou, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cirad, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, BP 701, 97387 Kourou</wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:noRegion>97387 Kourou</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Kattge, Jens" sort="Kattge, Jens" uniqKey="Kattge J" first="Jens" last="Kattge">Jens Kattge</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Str. 10, 07745 Jena</wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:noRegion>07745 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>07745 Jena</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Kurokawa, Hiroko" sort="Kurokawa, Hiroko" uniqKey="Kurokawa H" first="Hiroko" last="Kurokawa">Hiroko Kurokawa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université du Tōhoku</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sendai</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Onoda, Yusuke" sort="Onoda, Yusuke" uniqKey="Onoda Y" first="Yusuke" last="Onoda">Yusuke Onoda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Kyoto</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Kyoto</settlement>
<region type="prefecture">Région du Kansai</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pe Uelas, Josep" sort="Pe Uelas, Josep" uniqKey="Pe Uelas J" first="Josep" last="Pe Uelas">Josep Pe Uelas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Catalonia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poorter, Hendrik" sort="Poorter, Hendrik" uniqKey="Poorter H" first="Hendrik" last="Poorter">Hendrik Poorter</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>52425 Jülich</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>52425 Jülich</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>D-52425 Jülich</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Uriarte, Maria" sort="Uriarte, Maria" uniqKey="Uriarte M" first="Maria" last="Uriarte">Maria Uriarte</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">New York</settlement>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Richardson, Sarah" sort="Richardson, Sarah" uniqKey="Richardson S" first="Sarah" last="Richardson">Sarah Richardson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lincoln 7640</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ruiz Benito, Paloma" sort="Ruiz Benito, Paloma" uniqKey="Ruiz Benito P" first="Paloma" last="Ruiz-Benito">Paloma Ruiz-Benito</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Stirling FK9 4LA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sun, I Fang" sort="Sun, I Fang" uniqKey="Sun I" first="I-Fang" last="Sun">I-Fang Sun</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hualien 97401</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="St Hl, Goran" sort="St Hl, Goran" uniqKey="St Hl G" first="Göran" last="St Hl">Göran St Hl</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Skogsmarksgränd, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Skogsmarksgränd, 901 83 Umeå</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>901 83 Umeå</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Swenson, Nathan G" sort="Swenson, Nathan G" uniqKey="Swenson N" first="Nathan G" last="Swenson">Nathan G. Swenson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université du Maryland</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">College Park (Maryland)</settlement>
<region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thompson, Jill" sort="Thompson, Jill" uniqKey="Thompson J" first="Jill" last="Thompson">Jill Thompson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Midlothian EH26 0QB</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Westerlund, Bertil" sort="Westerlund, Bertil" uniqKey="Westerlund B" first="Bertil" last="Westerlund">Bertil Westerlund</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Skogsmarksgränd, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Skogsmarksgränd, 901 83 Umeå</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>901 83 Umeå</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wirth, Christian" sort="Wirth, Christian" uniqKey="Wirth C" first="Christian" last="Wirth">Christian Wirth</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Saxe (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Leipzig</region>
<settlement type="city">Leipzig</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zavala, Miguel A" sort="Zavala, Miguel A" uniqKey="Zavala M" first="Miguel A" last="Zavala">Miguel A. Zavala</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Forest Ecology and Restoration Group, Department of Life Sciences, Science Building, University of Alcala, Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Forest Ecology and Restoration Group, Department of Life Sciences, Science Building, University of Alcala, Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid)</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>28805 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid)</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zeng, Hongcheng" sort="Zeng, Hongcheng" uniqKey="Zeng H" first="Hongcheng" last="Zeng">Hongcheng Zeng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zimmerman, Jess K" sort="Zimmerman, Jess K" uniqKey="Zimmerman J" first="Jess K" last="Zimmerman">Jess K. Zimmerman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus PO Box 70377 San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-8377, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus PO Box 70377 San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-8377</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Puerto Rico 00936-8377</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zimmermann, Niklaus E" sort="Zimmermann, Niklaus E" uniqKey="Zimmermann N" first="Niklaus E" last="Zimmermann">Niklaus E. Zimmermann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Landscape Dynamics Unit, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Landscape Dynamics Unit, CH-8903 Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Westoby, Mark" sort="Westoby, Mark" uniqKey="Westoby M" first="Mark" last="Westoby">Mark Westoby</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>New South Wales 2109</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Nature</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1476-4687</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Forests</term>
<term>Internationality</term>
<term>Models, Biological</term>
<term>Phenotype</term>
<term>Plant Leaves (physiology)</term>
<term>Trees (anatomy & histology)</term>
<term>Trees (growth & development)</term>
<term>Trees (physiology)</term>
<term>Wood (analysis)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres (anatomie et histologie)</term>
<term>Arbres (croissance et développement)</term>
<term>Arbres (physiologie)</term>
<term>Bois (analyse)</term>
<term>Feuilles de plante (physiologie)</term>
<term>Forêts</term>
<term>Internationalité</term>
<term>Modèles biologiques</term>
<term>Phénotype</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>Bois</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Wood</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomie et histologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomy & histology" xml:lang="en"><term>Trees</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="croissance et développement" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Trees</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres</term>
<term>Feuilles de plante</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Leaves</term>
<term>Trees</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Forests</term>
<term>Internationality</term>
<term>Models, Biological</term>
<term>Phenotype</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Forêts</term>
<term>Internationalité</term>
<term>Modèles biologiques</term>
<term>Phénotype</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Phenotypic traits and their associated trade-offs have been shown to have globally consistent effects on individual plant physiological functions, but how these effects scale up to influence competition, a key driver of community assembly in terrestrial vegetation, has remained unclear. Here we use growth data from more than 3 million trees in over 140,000 plots across the world to show how three key functional traits--wood density, specific leaf area and maximum height--consistently influence competitive interactions. Fast maximum growth of a species was correlated negatively with its wood density in all biomes, and positively with its specific leaf area in most biomes. Low wood density was also correlated with a low ability to tolerate competition and a low competitive effect on neighbours, while high specific leaf area was correlated with a low competitive effect. Thus, traits generate trade-offs between performance with competition versus performance without competition, a fundamental ingredient in the classical hypothesis that the coexistence of plant species is enabled via differentiation in their successional strategies. Competition within species was stronger than between species, but an increase in trait dissimilarity between species had little influence in weakening competition. No benefit of dissimilarity was detected for specific leaf area or wood density, and only a weak benefit for maximum height. Our trait-based approach to modelling competition makes generalization possible across the forest ecosystems of the world and their highly diverse species composition.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li>
<li>Australie</li>
<li>Canada</li>
<li>Espagne</li>
<li>France</li>
<li>Japon</li>
<li>Nouvelle-Zélande</li>
<li>Pays-Bas</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
<li>Suisse</li>
<li>Suède</li>
<li>Taïwan</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Angleterre</li>
<li>Angleterre de l'Est</li>
<li>Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</li>
<li>District de Leipzig</li>
<li>Gueldre (province)</li>
<li>Manitoba</li>
<li>Maryland</li>
<li>Ontario</li>
<li>Rhône-Alpes</li>
<li>Région de Tōhoku</li>
<li>Région du Kansai</li>
<li>Saxe (Land)</li>
<li>État de New York</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Cambridge</li>
<li>College Park (Maryland)</li>
<li>Kyoto</li>
<li>Leipzig</li>
<li>New York</li>
<li>Saskatchewan</li>
<li>Sendai</li>
<li>St-Martin-d'Hères</li>
<li>Toronto</li>
<li>Wageningue</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université Columbia</li>
<li>Université de Cambridge</li>
<li>Université de Kyoto</li>
<li>Université de Regina</li>
<li>Université de Toronto</li>
<li>Université de Wageningue</li>
<li>Université du Maryland</li>
<li>Université du Tōhoku</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Wright, S Joseph" sort="Wright, S Joseph" uniqKey="Wright S" first="S Joseph" last="Wright">S Joseph Wright</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="France"><region name="Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"><name sortKey="Kunstler, Georges" sort="Kunstler, Georges" uniqKey="Kunstler G" first="Georges" last="Kunstler">Georges Kunstler</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Baraloto, Christopher" sort="Baraloto, Christopher" uniqKey="Baraloto C" first="Christopher" last="Baraloto">Christopher Baraloto</name>
<name sortKey="Gourlet Fleury, Sylvie" sort="Gourlet Fleury, Sylvie" uniqKey="Gourlet Fleury S" first="Sylvie" last="Gourlet-Fleury">Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury</name>
<name sortKey="Herault, Bruno" sort="Herault, Bruno" uniqKey="Herault B" first="Bruno" last="Herault">Bruno Herault</name>
<name sortKey="Vieilledent, Ghislain" sort="Vieilledent, Ghislain" uniqKey="Vieilledent G" first="Ghislain" last="Vieilledent">Ghislain Vieilledent</name>
</country>
<country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Falster, Daniel" sort="Falster, Daniel" uniqKey="Falster D" first="Daniel" last="Falster">Daniel Falster</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Hui, Francis" sort="Hui, Francis" uniqKey="Hui F" first="Francis" last="Hui">Francis Hui</name>
<name sortKey="Kooyman, Robert M" sort="Kooyman, Robert M" uniqKey="Kooyman R" first="Robert M" last="Kooyman">Robert M. Kooyman</name>
<name sortKey="Westoby, Mark" sort="Westoby, Mark" uniqKey="Westoby M" first="Mark" last="Westoby">Mark Westoby</name>
</country>
<country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Coomes, David A" sort="Coomes, David A" uniqKey="Coomes D" first="David A" last="Coomes">David A. Coomes</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Ruiz Benito, Paloma" sort="Ruiz Benito, Paloma" uniqKey="Ruiz Benito P" first="Paloma" last="Ruiz-Benito">Paloma Ruiz-Benito</name>
<name sortKey="Thompson, Jill" sort="Thompson, Jill" uniqKey="Thompson J" first="Jill" last="Thompson">Jill Thompson</name>
</country>
<country name="Nouvelle-Zélande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Laughlin, Daniel C" sort="Laughlin, Daniel C" uniqKey="Laughlin D" first="Daniel C" last="Laughlin">Daniel C. Laughlin</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Richardson, Sarah" sort="Richardson, Sarah" uniqKey="Richardson S" first="Sarah" last="Richardson">Sarah Richardson</name>
</country>
<country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Gueldre (province)"><name sortKey="Poorter, Lourens" sort="Poorter, Lourens" uniqKey="Poorter L" first="Lourens" last="Poorter">Lourens Poorter</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Cornelissen, J Hans C" sort="Cornelissen, J Hans C" uniqKey="Cornelissen J" first="J Hans C" last="Cornelissen">J Hans C. Cornelissen</name>
</country>
<country name="Canada"><region name="Manitoba"><name sortKey="Vanderwel, Mark" sort="Vanderwel, Mark" uniqKey="Vanderwel M" first="Mark" last="Vanderwel">Mark Vanderwel</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Caspersen, John" sort="Caspersen, John" uniqKey="Caspersen J" first="John" last="Caspersen">John Caspersen</name>
<name sortKey="Zeng, Hongcheng" sort="Zeng, Hongcheng" uniqKey="Zeng H" first="Hongcheng" last="Zeng">Hongcheng Zeng</name>
</country>
<country name="Japon"><region name="Région de Tōhoku"><name sortKey="Aiba, Masahiro" sort="Aiba, Masahiro" uniqKey="Aiba M" first="Masahiro" last="Aiba">Masahiro Aiba</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Kurokawa, Hiroko" sort="Kurokawa, Hiroko" uniqKey="Kurokawa H" first="Hiroko" last="Kurokawa">Hiroko Kurokawa</name>
<name sortKey="Onoda, Yusuke" sort="Onoda, Yusuke" uniqKey="Onoda Y" first="Yusuke" last="Onoda">Yusuke Onoda</name>
</country>
<country name="Suisse"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hanewinkel, Marc" sort="Hanewinkel, Marc" uniqKey="Hanewinkel M" first="Marc" last="Hanewinkel">Marc Hanewinkel</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Zimmermann, Niklaus E" sort="Zimmermann, Niklaus E" uniqKey="Zimmermann N" first="Niklaus E" last="Zimmermann">Niklaus E. Zimmermann</name>
</country>
<country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kattge, Jens" sort="Kattge, Jens" uniqKey="Kattge J" first="Jens" last="Kattge">Jens Kattge</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Poorter, Hendrik" sort="Poorter, Hendrik" uniqKey="Poorter H" first="Hendrik" last="Poorter">Hendrik Poorter</name>
<name sortKey="Wirth, Christian" sort="Wirth, Christian" uniqKey="Wirth C" first="Christian" last="Wirth">Christian Wirth</name>
</country>
<country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pe Uelas, Josep" sort="Pe Uelas, Josep" uniqKey="Pe Uelas J" first="Josep" last="Pe Uelas">Josep Pe Uelas</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Zavala, Miguel A" sort="Zavala, Miguel A" uniqKey="Zavala M" first="Miguel A" last="Zavala">Miguel A. Zavala</name>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Uriarte, Maria" sort="Uriarte, Maria" uniqKey="Uriarte M" first="Maria" last="Uriarte">Maria Uriarte</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Swenson, Nathan G" sort="Swenson, Nathan G" uniqKey="Swenson N" first="Nathan G" last="Swenson">Nathan G. Swenson</name>
<name sortKey="Zimmerman, Jess K" sort="Zimmerman, Jess K" uniqKey="Zimmerman J" first="Jess K" last="Zimmerman">Jess K. Zimmerman</name>
</country>
<country name="Taïwan"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sun, I Fang" sort="Sun, I Fang" uniqKey="Sun I" first="I-Fang" last="Sun">I-Fang Sun</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Suède"><noRegion><name sortKey="St Hl, Goran" sort="St Hl, Goran" uniqKey="St Hl G" first="Göran" last="St Hl">Göran St Hl</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Westerlund, Bertil" sort="Westerlund, Bertil" uniqKey="Westerlund B" first="Bertil" last="Westerlund">Bertil Westerlund</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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Serveur d'exploration sur les relations entre la France et l'Australie

Plant functional traits have globally consistent effects on competition.

Plant functional traits have globally consistent effects on competition.

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	Serveur d'exploration sur les relations entre la France et l'Australie
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